Adobe Experience Manager to Drupal: Migration Case Study

I went looking for one honest account of a team leaving Adobe Experience Manager for Drupal, and I mean really looking: a dozen tabs open, search phrases getting more desperate by the minute. What came back was a parade of the reverse trip. Case study after case study of companies happily moving to AEM, plus one lonely tooling demo pointing the way I actually cared about. That gap is the whole reason this piece exists.

Here's what nagged at me. Plenty of teams are quietly making this exact move, trading a licensed, tightly coupled suite for a platform they own outright, and almost none of them write it down. So the people who need the map most are flying without one. I wanted to know what actually breaks on the way out of AEM, and why the silence. Grab a coffee, because the answer lives in the parts nobody photographs for the case study.

Context

Try finding a public write-up of someone moving from Adobe Experience Manager (AEM) to Drupal. Go on, I'll wait. Most vendor case studies are pointed the other way: there's a documented transition of a global investment company from Drupal to AEM to improve operational efficiency and user experience. The one clear public reference for the AEM-to-Drupal direction is a migration tooling demonstration, where content gets exported out of AEM and analyzed before it's loaded into Drupal, with an analysis layer sitting in the middle to inspect what came out and decide what actually makes it across.

Because the public record here is thin, this study stays deliberately general. We treat the sources as reference material and draw transferable lessons rather than inventing specifics. The recurring driver behind a move like this is a shift away from a licensed, tightly coupled enterprise suite toward an open-source platform where the content model, taxonomy, and templating are owned in-house. AEM bundles authoring, templating, and a digital asset manager (DAM); Drupal expects you to reconstruct those concerns explicitly. That reconstruction is where the work, and the risk, lives.

What broke

The failures documented or strongly implied across the sources cluster around four areas.

Content-model mismatch

AEM organizes content as pages built from components with dialogs, backed by templates. Drupal organizes content as entities: content types, fields, paragraphs, and taxonomy. There is no one-to-one mapping. Even the reverse-direction guidance makes the pattern explicit, you must create templates that match the source system's content types and then develop the components and dialogs to hold the data. Going AEM-to-Drupal, the same problem inverts: every AEM component and its dialog fields have to be re-expressed as Drupal fields or paragraph types. Where a component packed several editable regions into one dialog, that structure fragments on the way into Drupal, and authors lose the layout guarantees they relied on.

DAM and asset references

This is the sharpest documented break. There is no out-of-the-box, plug-and-play integration between AEM Assets and Drupal. If assets remain in AEM's DAM, a custom solution must be built to pull them into Drupal, for instance, using REST APIs against the DAM. That means every image, document, and rendition reference embedded in migrated content is a potential broken link until the asset strategy is resolved: either fully migrate binaries into Drupal's file/media system, or maintain a live integration to AEM. Both paths require deliberate engineering; neither happens for free.

Internal links and references

Migration guidance stresses the need to adjust internal links and references within content so they resolve in the target system. AEM's path structure (content trees, JCR paths) does not match Drupal's URL aliases and node routing. Left unremapped, body-copy links, cross-references, and navigation entries point at paths that no longer exist. This is where redirects and SEO signals quietly erode: old URLs disappear, inbound equity is stranded, and internal linking that search and answer engines use to understand site structure breaks.

Taxonomy gaps

AEM tagging and Drupal taxonomy vocabularies are different mechanisms. When content is exported and inspected before load, the decisions about how tags map to vocabularies, and what to do with terms that have no clean equivalent, have to be made explicitly. Skip that analysis and you arrive in Drupal with flattened or lost categorization, which degrades faceted navigation and topical clustering.

What worked

The documented practice that consistently helps is analyzing exported content before the final migration. The tooling demonstration for AEM-to-Drupal centers on exactly this: export from AEM, inspect the content with an analysis layer, and use those findings to make migration decisions. Front-loading analysis surfaces the content-model, link, and taxonomy problems while they are still cheap to fix.

The second thing that works is treating templates and components as a deliberate mapping exercise rather than a lift-and-shift. Defining the Drupal content types and paragraph types up front, driven by what the AEM components actually contained, gives the import a clean target. And where assets must stay in AEM's DAM, accepting that a custom API-based integration is required (rather than hoping for an OOTB connector) sets realistic scope from the start.

Lessons

Map the content model before you move a byte. AEM components and dialogs do not map one-to-one to Drupal fields and paragraphs. Design the target model deliberately.

Decide the DAM strategy early. There is no plug-and-play AEM Assets–to–Drupal bridge. Choose between full binary migration or a custom REST-API integration, and budget for it.

Treat internal links as a first-class migration artifact. Paths differ between JCR and Drupal routing; every reference must be remapped or it breaks.

Protect URLs and SEO/AEO signals. Inventory old URLs and plan redirects so inbound equity and internal-link structure survive the cutover.

Analyze exported content first. Inspecting content before load is the single most repeatable win in the documented process.

Reconcile taxonomy explicitly. Map AEM tags to Drupal vocabularies and decide what happens to orphan terms.

Before you make this move

A short pre-flight checklist grounded in what the sources support:

Have you exported and analyzed the current AEM content, so migration decisions are evidence-based rather than assumed?

Have you mapped each AEM component and dialog to a specific Drupal content type, field, or paragraph type?

Have you chosen an asset strategy: migrate binaries into Drupal media, or build a custom API integration to AEM's DAM?

Have you inventoried internal links and JCR paths, and defined how each resolves in Drupal?

Have you built a redirect map so existing URLs and search/answer-engine signals are preserved?

Have you reconciled AEM tags against Drupal taxonomy vocabularies, including orphan terms?

So what do I actually think? Make this move if you genuinely want to own your content model, taxonomy, and templating, and go in knowing the two platforms do not speak the same language. The evidence here is thin, I'll own that, but it all leans the same direction: the pain is never in the pages you can see. It's in the asset references, the JCR paths, the tags that have no clean home in a Drupal vocabulary. Analyze the export first, map every component deliberately, and decide your DAM strategy before you touch a single byte. Do that and the cutover is boring, which is exactly what you want a cutover to be.

Remember those dozen empty browser tabs I started with? That silence isn't proof the move is rare. It's proof that the people who did it well were too busy quietly succeeding to write the story down, and the ones who didn't would rather not relive it. Be the boring success. That's the whole game.